The Great Depression was the greatest and longest economic recession in modern world history. It ran between 1929 and 1941. The depression began with the stock market crash of 1929 and lasted for about a decade. It was caused by several factors, including over-production, under-consumption, banking failures, and high tariffs.The depression had a devastating effect on the economy of the United States and other countries around the world. Millions of people lost their jobs, their homes, or both. However, there were also some positive effects of the Great Depression. For example, it led to increased government regulation of banks and other industries.