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Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM)

Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM)

An Exchange Rate Mechanism, or ERM, is a system used by countries to manage their currency exchange rates. An ERM sets out a set of procedures which must be followed in order to keep the country's currency within certain limits relative to other currencies. This helps to ensure stability in the foreign exchange market and prevents large fluctuations in the value of a country's currency.
There are two main types of ERMs:
  • In a fixed ERM, the country's currency is pegged at a specific rate against another currency or basket of currencies.
  • In an adjustable ERM, the country's central bank can adjust the value of its currency within certain limits in response to changes in economic conditions.
The benefits of using an Exchange Rate Mechanism include:
  • Stability: An ERM helps prevent large fluctuations in a country's currency values, which can lead to instability in the foreign exchange market and disrupt trade flows between countries.
  • Efficiency: By following specific procedures for managing their currencies' values, countries can ensure that their exchanges rates operate more efficiently and effectively.
  • Transparency: The use of an Exchange Rate Mechanism makes it easier for traders and investors to understand how particular currencies are performing relative to each other.
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